Vertical movement, deinit logs, persistent global uniform transfers

src/Game.zig

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ const Materials = @import("assets/Materials.zig");
 const Textures = @import("assets/Textures.zig");
 const Engine = @import("engine/Engine.zig");
 const GenericBuffer = @import("engine/GenericBuffer.zig").GenericBuffer;
+const StagingBuffer = @import("engine/StagingBuffer.zig");
 const Swapchain = @import("engine/Swapchain.zig");
 const Iterator3 = math.Iterator3;
 const Matrix4x4 = math.Matrix4x4;
@@ -113,6 +114,9 @@ vertex_buffer: VertexBuffer,
 index_buffer: IndexBuffer,
 
 global_uniforms: GlobalUniformsBuffer,
+global_uniforms_staging_buffer: StagingBuffer,
+global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer: vk.CommandBuffer,
+global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore: vk.Semaphore,
 point_lights: PointLightBuffer,
 directional_lights: DirectionalLightBuffer,
 object_uniforms: ObjectUniformsBuffer,
@@ -130,6 +134,8 @@ input_forwards: bool = false,
 input_backwards: bool = false,
 input_left: bool = false,
 input_right: bool = false,
+input_up: bool = false,
+input_down: bool = false,
 
 const max_textures = 1024;
 const max_point_lights = 1024;
@@ -139,9 +145,10 @@ const max_objects = 1024;
 const camera_near_plane = 0.1;
 const camera_vertical_fov_deg = 90.0;
 const camera_half_vertical_fov_rad = 0.5 * camera_vertical_fov_deg * std.math.rad_per_deg;
-const camera_mouse_sensitivity = 0.0015;
+const camera_mouse_sensitivity = 0.002;
 
-const player_speed = 5.0;
+const player_horizontal_speed = 11.0;
+const player_vertical_speed = 7.49;
 
 pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, engine: *Engine, swapchain: *Swapchain) !Game {
     var materials = try Materials.init(engine, allocator);
@@ -295,6 +302,33 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, engine: *Engine, swapchain: *Swapchain
     });
     errdefer global_uniforms.deinit(engine);
 
+    var global_uniforms_staging_buffer = try StagingBuffer.init(engine, .{
+        .capacity = @sizeOf(GlobalUniforms),
+        .target_queue = .graphics,
+    });
+    errdefer global_uniforms_staging_buffer.deinit(engine);
+
+    const global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransferCommandBuffer();
+    errdefer engine.freeTransferCommandBuffer(global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer);
+
+    try global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer.beginCommandBuffer(&.{});
+    global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer.copyBuffer(
+        global_uniforms_staging_buffer.buffer,
+        global_uniforms.buffer,
+        1,
+        &.{
+            .{
+                .src_offset = 0,
+                .dst_offset = 0,
+                .size = @sizeOf(GlobalUniforms),
+            },
+        },
+    );
+    try global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer.endCommandBuffer();
+
+    const global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore = try engine.createSemaphore();
+    errdefer engine.destroySemaphore(global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore);
+
     var point_lights = try PointLightBuffer.init(engine, .{
         .usage = .storage,
         .target_queue = .graphics,
@@ -550,6 +584,44 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, engine: *Engine, swapchain: *Swapchain
         },
     });
 
+    const point_lights_data: []const PointLight = &.{
+        .{
+            .positionWS = .{ 0, 0, 1 },
+            .color = .{ 10, 10, 10 },
+        },
+        .{
+            .positionWS = .{ -7, 7, 1 },
+            .color = .{ 5, 0, 0 },
+        },
+        .{
+            .positionWS = .{ 7, 7, 1 },
+            .color = .{ 0, 0, 5 },
+        },
+        .{
+            .positionWS = .{ -7, -7, 1 },
+            .color = .{ 0, 5, 0 },
+        },
+        .{
+            .positionWS = .{ 7, -7, 1 },
+            .color = .{ 5, 5, 0 },
+        },
+    };
+    try point_lights.write(engine, .{
+        .header = @intCast(point_lights_data.len),
+        .elements = point_lights_data,
+    });
+
+    const directional_lights_data: []const DirectionalLight = &.{
+        .{
+            .directionWS = .{ 0, 0, -1 },
+            .color = .{ 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 },
+        },
+    };
+    try directional_lights.write(engine, .{
+        .header = @intCast(directional_lights_data.len),
+        .elements = directional_lights_data,
+    });
+
     const object_count: u32 = blk: {
         var objects: std.ArrayList(ObjectUniforms) = try .initCapacity(allocator, 289);
         defer objects.deinit(allocator);
@@ -585,6 +657,9 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, engine: *Engine, swapchain: *Swapchain
         .index_buffer = index_buffer,
 
         .global_uniforms = global_uniforms,
+        .global_uniforms_staging_buffer = global_uniforms_staging_buffer,
+        .global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer = global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer.handle,
+        .global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore = global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore,
         .point_lights = point_lights,
         .directional_lights = directional_lights,
         .object_uniforms = object_uniforms,
@@ -597,14 +672,18 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, engine: *Engine, swapchain: *Swapchain
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Game) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*}", .{self});
+
     self.vertex_buffer.deinit(self.engine);
     self.index_buffer.deinit(self.engine);
 
     self.global_uniforms.deinit(self.engine);
+    self.global_uniforms_staging_buffer.deinit(self.engine);
     self.point_lights.deinit(self.engine);
     self.directional_lights.deinit(self.engine);
     self.object_uniforms.deinit(self.engine);
 
+    self.engine.destroySemaphore(self.global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore);
     self.engine.destroyDescriptorPool(self.descriptor_pool);
     self.engine.destroySampler(self.sampler);
     self.engine.destroyPipeline(self.pipeline);
@@ -618,12 +697,17 @@ pub fn deinit(self: *Game) void {
 }
 
 pub fn update(self: *Game, dt: f32) void {
-    var camera_d = Vector2.init(
+    const camera_d = Vector2
-        @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_right))) - @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_left))),
+        .init(
-        @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_forwards))) - @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_backwards))),
+            @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_right))) - @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_left))),
-    ).rotate(self.camera_yaw).mulScalar(player_speed * dt);
+            @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_forwards))) - @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_backwards))),
+        )
+        .rotate(self.camera_yaw)
+        .mulScalar(player_horizontal_speed)
+        .asVector3(player_vertical_speed * (@as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_up))) - @as(f32, @floatFromInt(@intFromBool(self.input_down)))))
+        .mulScalar(dt);
 
-    self.camera_position = Vector3.add(self.camera_position, camera_d.asVector3(0));
+    self.camera_position = Vector3.add(self.camera_position, camera_d);
 
     const framebuffer_size = Vector2.init(
         @floatFromInt(self.swapchain.extent.width),
@@ -654,58 +738,30 @@ pub fn update(self: *Game, dt: f32) void {
 
     const ambient_light = Vector3.init(0.1, 0.1, 0.1);
 
-    self.global_uniforms.write(self.engine, .{
+    const global_uniforms_data: GlobalUniforms = .{
-        .header = .{
+        .matrixWStoVS = matrix_ws_to_vs.asArray(),
-            .matrixWStoVS = matrix_ws_to_vs.asArray(),
+        .matrixVStoCS = matrix_vs_to_cs.asArray(),
-            .matrixVStoCS = matrix_vs_to_cs.asArray(),
+        .ambientLight = ambient_light.asArray(),
-            .ambientLight = ambient_light.asArray(),
-        },
-    }) catch |err| {
-        std.log.err("Failed to write global uniforms: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
-        @panic("Frame update failed");
     };
 
-    const point_lights: []const PointLight = &.{
+    const staging_memory = self.global_uniforms_staging_buffer.map(self.engine) catch |err| {
-        .{
+        std.log.err("Failed to map global uniforms staging buffer: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
-            .positionWS = .{ 0, 0, 1 },
-            .color = .{ 10, 10, 10 },
-        },
-        .{
-            .positionWS = .{ -7, 7, 1 },
-            .color = .{ 5, 0, 0 },
-        },
-        .{
-            .positionWS = .{ 7, 7, 1 },
-            .color = .{ 0, 0, 5 },
-        },
-        .{
-            .positionWS = .{ -7, -7, 1 },
-            .color = .{ 0, 5, 0 },
-        },
-        .{
-            .positionWS = .{ 7, -7, 1 },
-            .color = .{ 5, 5, 0 },
-        },
-    };
-    self.point_lights.write(self.engine, .{
-        .header = @intCast(point_lights.len),
-        .elements = point_lights,
-    }) catch |err| {
-        std.log.err("Failed to write point lights: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
         @panic("Frame update failed");
     };
+    @memcpy(staging_memory, std.mem.asBytes(&global_uniforms_data));
+    self.global_uniforms_staging_buffer.unmap(self.engine);
 
-    const directional_lights: []const DirectionalLight = &.{
+    const submits = [_]vk.SubmitInfo{
         .{
-            .directionWS = .{ 0, 0, -1 },
+            .command_buffer_count = 1,
-            .color = .{ 0.2, 0.2, 0.2 },
+            .p_command_buffers = @ptrCast(&self.global_uniforms_transfer_command_buffer),
+            .signal_semaphore_count = 1,
+            .p_signal_semaphores = @ptrCast(&self.global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore),
         },
     };
-    self.directional_lights.write(self.engine, .{
+
-        .header = @intCast(directional_lights.len),
+    self.engine.device.queueSubmit(self.engine.transfer_queue.handle, submits.len, &submits, .null_handle) catch |err| {
-        .elements = directional_lights,
+        std.log.err("Failed to submit global uniforms transfer: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
-    }) catch |err| {
-        std.log.err("Failed to write directional lights: {s}", .{@errorName(err)});
         @panic("Frame update failed");
     };
 
@@ -738,6 +794,12 @@ pub fn onKeyDown(self: *Game, key_code: glfw.Key, mods: glfw.Mods) void {
         self.input_right = true;
         self.input_left = false;
     }
+    if (key_code == .space) {
+        self.input_up = true;
+    }
+    if (key_code == .left_shift) {
+        self.input_down = true;
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn onKeyUp(self: *Game, key_code: glfw.Key, mods: glfw.Mods) void {
@@ -755,6 +817,12 @@ pub fn onKeyUp(self: *Game, key_code: glfw.Key, mods: glfw.Mods) void {
     if (key_code == .d) {
         self.input_right = false;
     }
+    if (key_code == .space) {
+        self.input_up = false;
+    }
+    if (key_code == .left_shift) {
+        self.input_down = false;
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn onMouseMove(self: *Game, dx: f32, dy: f32) void {
@@ -820,7 +888,15 @@ fn render(self: *Game) !void {
     }
     try command_buffer.endCommandBuffer();
 
-    const res = try self.swapchain.present(self.engine, command_buffer.handle);
+    const res = try self.swapchain.present(self.engine, .{
+        .command_buffer = command_buffer.handle,
+        .wait_semaphores = &.{
+            .{
+                .semaphore = self.global_uniforms_transfer_semaphore,
+                .stage_flags = .{ .vertex_shader_bit = true },
+            },
+        },
+    });
 
     _ = res;
 }

src/assets/Materials.zig

@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ pub fn init(engine: *Engine, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !Materials {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Materials, engine: *Engine, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*} and Allocator{{{*},{*}}}", .{ self, engine, allocator.ptr, allocator.vtable });
+
     self.material_buffer.deinit(engine);
     self.map.deinit(allocator);
     self.* = undefined;

src/assets/Textures.zig

@@ -92,6 +92,8 @@ pub fn init(engine: *Engine, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !Textures {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Textures, engine: *Engine, allocator: std.mem.Allocator) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*} and Allocator{{{*},{*}}}", .{ self, engine, allocator.ptr, allocator.vtable });
+
     for (self.textures.items) |*texture| {
         texture.deinit(engine);
     }

src/engine/Engine.zig

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ pub const Mode = union(enum) {
     },
 
     pub fn deinit(self: *Mode, instance: vk.InstanceProxy, vk_allocator: *VkAllocator) void {
+        std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with InstanceProxy@{{{X},{*}}} and {*}", .{ self, instance.handle, instance.wrapper, vk_allocator });
         switch (self.*) {
             .headless => {},
             .surface => |x| {
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ transfer_queue: Queue,
 graphics_command_pool: vk.CommandPool,
 compute_command_pool: vk.CommandPool,
 transfer_command_pool: vk.CommandPool,
+transient_transfer_command_pool: vk.CommandPool,
 
 prng_ptr: *std.Random.Pcg,
 random: std.Random,
@@ -320,29 +322,27 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, maybe_window: ?*glfw.Window) !Engine {
 
     // --- CREATE COMMAND POOLS, GET QUEUES ------------------------------------
 
-    const command_pool_create_flags: vk.CommandPoolCreateFlags = .{
-        .transient_bit = true,
-        .reset_command_buffer_bit = true,
-    };
-
     const graphics_command_pool = try device.createCommandPool(&.{
-        .flags = command_pool_create_flags,
         .queue_family_index = queue_allocations.graphics_queue.family,
     }, &vk_allocator.interface);
     errdefer device.destroyCommandPool(graphics_command_pool, &vk_allocator.interface);
 
     const compute_command_pool = try device.createCommandPool(&.{
-        .flags = command_pool_create_flags,
         .queue_family_index = queue_allocations.compute_queue.family,
     }, &vk_allocator.interface);
     errdefer device.destroyCommandPool(compute_command_pool, &vk_allocator.interface);
 
     const transfer_command_pool = try device.createCommandPool(&.{
-        .flags = command_pool_create_flags,
         .queue_family_index = queue_allocations.transfer_queue.family,
     }, &vk_allocator.interface);
     errdefer device.destroyCommandPool(transfer_command_pool, &vk_allocator.interface);
 
+    const transient_transfer_command_pool = try device.createCommandPool(&.{
+        .flags = .{ .transient_bit = true },
+        .queue_family_index = queue_allocations.transfer_queue.family,
+    }, &vk_allocator.interface);
+    errdefer device.destroyCommandPool(transient_transfer_command_pool, &vk_allocator.interface);
+
     const graphics_queue: Queue = .initAllocation(device, queue_allocations.graphics_queue);
     const compute_queue: Queue = .initAllocation(device, queue_allocations.compute_queue);
     const transfer_queue: Queue = .initAllocation(device, queue_allocations.transfer_queue);
@@ -383,6 +383,7 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, maybe_window: ?*glfw.Window) !Engine {
         .graphics_command_pool = graphics_command_pool,
         .compute_command_pool = compute_command_pool,
         .transfer_command_pool = transfer_command_pool,
+        .transient_transfer_command_pool = transient_transfer_command_pool,
 
         .prng_ptr = prng_ptr,
         .random = random,
@@ -390,6 +391,8 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, maybe_window: ?*glfw.Window) !Engine {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Engine) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*}", .{self});
+
     const allocator = self.vk_allocator.allocator;
 
     allocator.destroy(self.prng_ptr);
@@ -397,6 +400,7 @@ pub fn deinit(self: *Engine) void {
     self.device.destroyCommandPool(self.graphics_command_pool, &self.vk_allocator.interface);
     self.device.destroyCommandPool(self.compute_command_pool, &self.vk_allocator.interface);
     self.device.destroyCommandPool(self.transfer_command_pool, &self.vk_allocator.interface);
+    self.device.destroyCommandPool(self.transient_transfer_command_pool, &self.vk_allocator.interface);
 
     self.device.destroyDevice(&self.vk_allocator.interface);
     allocator.destroy(self.device.wrapper);
@@ -433,6 +437,16 @@ pub fn allocate(self: *const Engine, memory_requirements: vk.MemoryRequirements,
     return error.NoSuitableMemoryType;
 }
 
+pub fn allocateTransientTransferCommandBuffer(self: *const Engine) !vk.CommandBufferProxy {
+    var command_buffer: vk.CommandBuffer = undefined;
+    try self.device.allocateCommandBuffers(&.{
+        .command_pool = self.transient_transfer_command_pool,
+        .level = .primary,
+        .command_buffer_count = 1,
+    }, @ptrCast(&command_buffer));
+    return .init(command_buffer, self.device.wrapper);
+}
+
 pub fn allocateTransferCommandBuffer(self: *const Engine) !vk.CommandBufferProxy {
     var command_buffer: vk.CommandBuffer = undefined;
     try self.device.allocateCommandBuffers(&.{
@@ -457,6 +471,10 @@ pub fn freeTransferCommandBuffer(self: *const Engine, command_buffer: vk.Command
     self.device.freeCommandBuffers(self.transfer_command_pool, 1, @ptrCast(&command_buffer));
 }
 
+pub fn freeTransientTransferCommandBuffer(self: *const Engine, command_buffer: vk.CommandBufferProxy) void {
+    self.device.freeCommandBuffers(self.transient_transfer_command_pool, 1, @ptrCast(&command_buffer));
+}
+
 pub fn freeGraphicsCommandBuffer(self: *const Engine, command_buffer: vk.CommandBufferProxy) void {
     self.device.freeCommandBuffers(self.graphics_command_pool, 1, @ptrCast(&command_buffer));
 }
@@ -1125,5 +1143,5 @@ pub fn updateDescriptorSets(self: *Engine, update_info: DescriptorSetsUpdateInfo
 }
 
 pub fn waitForFence(self: *Engine, fence: vk.Fence) !void {
-    _ = try self.device.waitForFences(1, @ptrCast(&fence), .true, std.math.maxInt(u64));
+    _ = try self.device.waitForFences(1, @ptrCast(&fence), .true, 1 * std.time.ns_per_s);
 }

src/engine/GenericBuffer.zig

@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ pub fn GenericBuffer(comptime Header: type, comptime Element: type) type {
         }
 
         pub fn deinit(self: *Self, engine: *Engine) void {
+            std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*}", .{ self, engine });
+
             engine.freeMemory(self.device_memory);
             engine.destroyBuffer(self.buffer);
 
@@ -144,8 +146,8 @@ pub fn GenericBuffer(comptime Header: type, comptime Element: type) type {
             @memcpy(staging_memory[array_write_offset..write_size], std.mem.sliceAsBytes(write_info.elements));
             staging_buffer.unmap(engine);
 
-            const command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransferCommandBuffer();
+            const command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransientTransferCommandBuffer();
-            defer engine.freeTransferCommandBuffer(command_buffer);
+            defer engine.freeTransientTransferCommandBuffer(command_buffer);
 
             try command_buffer.beginCommandBuffer(&.{ .flags = .{ .one_time_submit_bit = true } });
             command_buffer.copyBuffer(
@@ -188,8 +190,8 @@ pub fn GenericBuffer(comptime Header: type, comptime Element: type) type {
             @memcpy(staging_memory, data);
             staging_buffer.unmap(engine);
 
-            const command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransferCommandBuffer();
+            const command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransientTransferCommandBuffer();
-            defer engine.freeTransferCommandBuffer(command_buffer);
+            defer engine.freeTransientTransferCommandBuffer(command_buffer);
 
             try command_buffer.beginCommandBuffer(&.{ .flags = .{ .one_time_submit_bit = true } });
             command_buffer.copyBuffer(

src/engine/StagingBuffer.zig

@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ pub fn init(engine: *Engine, init_info: InitInfo) !StagingBuffer {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *StagingBuffer, engine: *Engine) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*}", .{ self, engine });
+
     engine.freeMemory(self.device_memory);
     engine.destroyBuffer(self.buffer);
 

src/engine/Swapchain.zig

@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ pub fn init(engine: *Engine) !Swapchain {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Swapchain, engine: *Engine) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*}", .{ self, engine });
+
     const allocator = engine.vk_allocator.allocator;
 
     for (self.swapchain_images) |swapchain_image| {
@@ -197,7 +199,18 @@ pub fn recreate(self: *Swapchain, engine: *Engine) !void {
     self.semaphore_image_acquired = semaphore_image_acquired;
 }
 
-pub fn present(self: *Swapchain, engine: *Engine, command_buffer: vk.CommandBuffer) !PresentResult {
+pub const WaitSemaphore = struct {
+    semaphore: vk.Semaphore,
+    stage_flags: vk.PipelineStageFlags = .{ .top_of_pipe_bit = true },
+};
+
+pub const PresentInfo = struct {
+    command_buffer: vk.CommandBuffer,
+    wait_semaphores: []const WaitSemaphore,
+};
+
+pub fn present(self: *Swapchain, engine: *Engine, present_info: PresentInfo) !PresentResult {
+    const allocator = engine.vk_allocator.allocator;
     const device = engine.device;
     const mode = &engine.mode.surface;
 
@@ -213,28 +226,30 @@ pub fn present(self: *Swapchain, engine: *Engine, command_buffer: vk.CommandBuff
 
     // --- SUBMIT COMMAND BUFFER -----------------------------------------------
 
-    const wait_semaphores = [_]vk.Semaphore{
+    var wait_semaphores = std.MultiArrayList(WaitSemaphore){};
-        current_swapchain_image.semaphore_image_acquired,
+    defer wait_semaphores.deinit(allocator);
-    };
+    try wait_semaphores.ensureTotalCapacity(allocator, 1 + present_info.wait_semaphores.len);
 
-    const pipeline_stages_flags = [_]vk.PipelineStageFlags{
+    wait_semaphores.appendAssumeCapacity(.{
-        .{ .top_of_pipe_bit = true },
+        .semaphore = current_swapchain_image.semaphore_image_acquired,
-    };
+        .stage_flags = .{ .top_of_pipe_bit = true },
-
+    });
-    std.debug.assert(wait_semaphores.len == pipeline_stages_flags.len);
+    for (present_info.wait_semaphores) |wait_semaphore| {
+        wait_semaphores.appendAssumeCapacity(wait_semaphore);
+    }
 
     const signal_semaphores = [_]vk.Semaphore{
         current_swapchain_image.semaphore_render_finished,
     };
 
-    current_swapchain_image.command_buffer = command_buffer;
+    current_swapchain_image.command_buffer = present_info.command_buffer;
     try device.queueSubmit(engine.graphics_queue.handle, 1, &.{
         .{
-            .wait_semaphore_count = wait_semaphores.len,
+            .wait_semaphore_count = @intCast(wait_semaphores.len),
-            .p_wait_semaphores = &wait_semaphores,
+            .p_wait_semaphores = wait_semaphores.items(.semaphore).ptr,
-            .p_wait_dst_stage_mask = &pipeline_stages_flags,
+            .p_wait_dst_stage_mask = wait_semaphores.items(.stage_flags).ptr,
             .command_buffer_count = 1,
-            .p_command_buffers = @ptrCast(&command_buffer),
+            .p_command_buffers = @ptrCast(&present_info.command_buffer),
             .signal_semaphore_count = signal_semaphores.len,
             .p_signal_semaphores = &signal_semaphores,
         },
@@ -393,6 +408,8 @@ const SwapchainImage = struct {
     }
 
     fn deinit(self: SwapchainImage, engine: *Engine) void {
+        std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*}", .{ &self, engine });
+
         engine.waitForFence(self.fence) catch {};
         engine.destroyFramebuffer(self.framebuffer);
         engine.destroyFence(self.fence);

src/engine/Texture.zig

@@ -133,6 +133,8 @@ pub fn init(engine: *Engine, init_info: InitInfo) !Texture {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *Texture, engine: *Engine) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*} with {*}", .{ self, engine });
+
     engine.destroyImageView(self.image_view);
     engine.freeMemory(self.device_memory);
     engine.destroyImage(self.image);
@@ -178,8 +180,8 @@ pub fn writeRaw(self: Texture, engine: *Engine, data: []const u8) !void {
 
     // --- TRANSITION TO TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL AND COPY -----------------
 
-    const transfer_command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransferCommandBuffer();
+    const transfer_command_buffer = try engine.allocateTransientTransferCommandBuffer();
-    defer engine.freeTransferCommandBuffer(transfer_command_buffer);
+    defer engine.freeTransientTransferCommandBuffer(transfer_command_buffer);
 
     try transfer_command_buffer.beginCommandBuffer(&.{ .flags = .{ .one_time_submit_bit = true } });
 

src/engine/VkAllocator.zig

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ pub fn init(allocator: std.mem.Allocator) !*VkAllocator {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit(self: *VkAllocator) void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing {*}", .{self});
+
     const allocator = self.allocator;
 
     self.allocations.deinit(allocator);

src/engine/atoms.zig

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ pub fn init(_allocator: std.mem.Allocator) void {
 }
 
 pub fn deinit() void {
+    std.log.debug("Deinitializing atoms", .{});
+
     string_arena.deinit();
     map.deinit(allocator);
     array.deinit(allocator);

src/main.zig

@@ -80,8 +80,13 @@ pub fn main() !void {
         t1 = t2;
 
         game.update(dt);
-        std.Thread.sleep(1 * std.time.ns_per_ms);
     }
+
+    std.log.debug("Exitted the game loop", .{});
+    std.posix.abort();
+
+    //for (swapchain.swapchain_images) |x| engine.waitForFence(x.fence) catch {};
+    //engine.device.deviceWaitIdle() catch {};
 }
 
 const CallbackContext = struct {